Western Pacific Ocean.

GMT + 12.

181.4 sq km (70 sq miles).

50,848 (1999).

280.3 per sq km.

Majuro. Population: 23,682 (1999).

The Marshall Islands consist of two almost parallel chains of atolls and islands and lie west of the International Date Line. Majuro Atoll is 2285km (1428 miles) west of Honolulu, 1624km (1015 miles) east of Guam and 2624km (1641 miles) southeast of Tokyo. The eastern Ratak (Sunrise) Chain consists of 15 atolls and islands, and the western Ralik (Sunset) Chain consists of 16 atolls and islands. Together these two chains comprise 1152 islands and islets dispersed over more than 1,900,000 sq km (500,000 sq miles) of the central Pacific.

Under the terms of the constitution, which came into effect in May 1979, the Marshalls have a parliamentary system of government in which legislative authority is vested in the 33-member Nitijela. Members are directly elected for four years. The president, who holds executive power and governs with the assistance of an appointed cabinet, is elected by the Nitijela from among its own members.

Republic since 1990. Gained self-governing status (in free association with the USA) in 1986. Head of State and Government: President Kessai H Note (since 2000).

Marshallese and English are the official languages.

Christian, mostly Protestant.

Informal dress is usual for both business and social occasions. Scanty clothing (including topless bathing) is considered offensive. Use of islands, paths, beaches etc may require permission in many areas; it is best to check locally.

110 volts AC, 60 Hz. Plugs are US two-pin style.