Inoculation regulations can change at short notice. Please take medical advice in the case of doubt.

1
Following WHO guidelines issued in 1973, a cholera vaccination certificate is not a condition of entry to Uzbekistan. However, cholera is a serious risk in this country and precautions are essential. Up-to-date advice should be sought before deciding whether these precautions should include vaccination, as medical opinion is divided over its effectiveness; see the Health appendix for more information.

2
Vaccination against typhoid is advised.

3
Although malaria is not considered a problem, there have been sporadic cases reported in the Uzunskiy, Sariassiskiy and Shurchinskiy districts (Surkhanda-Rinskaya region). It is recommended that travellers take chloroquine as their anti malarial drug.

Food & drink
All water, particularly outside main centres, should be regarded as being a potential health risk. Water used for drinking, brushing teeth or making ice should have first been boiled or otherwise sterilised. Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish, preferably served hot. Pork, salad and mayonnaise may carry increased risk. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.

Other risks
Immunisation against hepatitis A and meningococcal meningitis is advised. Hepatitis B and E occur. Trachoma is quite common. Tickborne encephalitis and diphtheria also occur.
Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten, seek medical advice without delay. For more information, consult the Health appendix.

Emergency health care is available free of charge for visitors although, as in most parts of the former Soviet Union, medical care in Uzbekistan is inadequate and there are extreme financial problems. Doctors and hospitals often expect cash payment for health services. There is a severe shortage of basic medical supplies, including disposable needles, anaesthetics, antibiotics and vaccines. Travellers are therefore advised to take a well-equipped first-aid kit with them containing basic medicines and any prescriptions that they may need. For minor difficulties, visitors are advised to ask the management at their hotel for help. In case of emergency, travellers should get a referral from either the Tashkent International Medical Clinic or from the appropriate Embassy, since foreigners are strongly advised not to approach local health care facilities without somebody who knows local conditions and the language. For major problems, visitors are well advised to seek help outside the country. Travel insurance is essential.