Inoculation regulations can change at short notice. Please take medical advice in the case of doubt.

1
Following WHO guidelines issued in 1973, a cholera vaccination certificate is not a condition of entry to Kyrgyzstan. However, cholera is common in this country and precautions are essential. Up-to-date advice should be sought before deciding whether these precautions should include vaccination, as medical opinion is divided over its effectiveness. For more information, see the Health appendix.

2
Typhoid is common in rural areas. Polio eradication is underway, rapidly reducing the risk of infection with the disease.

3
A malaria risk, exclusively in the vivax form, exists from June to September in some southern and western parts of the country - mainly in Batken, Osh amd Zhele-Abudskaya provinces, in areas bordering Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

Food & drink
The water has been tested by the US-based Center for Diseases Control and found to be generally bacteria-free; however, it does have a high metal content. Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish, preferably served hot. Pork, salad and mayonnaise may carry increased risk. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.
Owing to the difficulty of obtaining a balanced diet in some parts of Kyrgyzstan, visitors are recommended to take vitamin supplements.

Other risks
Diphtheria outbreaks have been reported in the area. Hepatitis A and E are common. Hepatitis B is endemic. On 28 September 2005, an outbreak of anthrax near Kara-Su in the south was reported. Some villages have been quarantined and on 13 October 2005, Uzbekistan closed its border at Kara-Su as a a result.
Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten, seek medical advice without delay. For more information, consult the Health appendix.

Note
HIV testing is required for visits of over one month.

There is no reciprocal health agreement with the UK. Medical services offered to foreigners, except emergency care, require immediate cash payment and are somewhat limited. There is a severe shortage of basic medical supplies, including disposable needles, anaesthetics and antibiotics, and travellers are advised to bring any necessary medication or equipment. Elderly travellers and those with existing health problems may be at risk owing to inadequate medical facilities. The US Embassy maintains a list of English-speaking physicians in the area. Medical insurance is strongly recommended.