Inoculation regulations can change at short notice. Please take medical advice in the case of doubt.

1
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required of all travellers over one year of age travelling from infected areas and travellers coming from countries considered to be endemic by the Tanzanian authorities. The risk of yellow fever is highest in northwestern forest areas.

2
According to 1973 WHO guidelines, a cholera vaccination is no longer required for entry into Tanzania. However, there are regular outbreaks of cholera throughout the country and precautions are essential. Up-to-date advice should be sought before deciding whether these precautions should include vaccination as medical opinion is divided over its effectiveness. For more information, see the Health appendix.

3
Vaccination against typhoid is advised.

4
Malaria risk, predominantly in the malignant falciparum form, exists all year throughout the country below 1800m (5906ft). The strain is reported to be highly resistant to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. Mefloquine, doxycycline or atovaquone/proguanil are recommended.

Food & drink
All water should be regarded as being potentially contaminated. Travellers should use bottled water for drinking, brushing teeth, washing vegetables and reconstituting powdered milk. Other food hygiene precautions should be strictly observed.

Other risks
Bilharzia (schistosomiasis) is present. Avoid swimming and paddling in fresh water; swimming pools which are well chlorinated and maintained are safe. Sleeping sickness (trypanosomiasis) occurs. Hepatitis A and E also occur; hepatitis B is endemic. Immunisation against diphtheria, meningitis and tuberculosis is sometimes recommended. Plague is present in the Tanga region. There is a high incidence of HIV/AIDS.
Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten, seek medical advice without delay. For more information, see the Health appendix.

Healthcare

Private health insurance is recommended. There are over 2000 hospitals and clinics and some Christian missions also provide medical treatment; however, facilities are limited outside Dar es Salaam and medicines are often unavailable. All treatment must be paid for.